jPh;f;fjhprpfs; ahh;?

rp/rptnrfuk;

ek;Kila jhH;t[ kdg;ghd;ikapd; btspg;ghLfspy; xd;W may; ehLfspy; cs;stw;Wf;F cs;ehl;oy; efy;fy; njLtJ/ murpaypy; <Hj;Jf; fhe;jp. <Hj;J K$pg[h; nghd;w  milbkhHpfspy; ,ijf; fz;oUf;fpnAk;/ ,e;j <Hj;J efy;f]s mtw;wpd; :Ky';fSld; xg;gpLk; nghJ FHg;gkhft[k;  ,Uf;Fk;. me;jdprpy; ehj;jp;f ,lJrhhpg; gj;jphpif Mrphpauf ,Ue;j ehl;fspy; v!;/n$.tp.bry;tehafj;ijf; nfhl;L Nl;L fhe;jp. ænfhHp g[hpahzp fhe;jpÆ vd;W nfypahfr; Fwpg;gpLthh;/ fhe;jp vd;w kdpjh; gw;wpj; jkpH; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ,Ue;j cah;e;j kjpg;igg; gad;gLj;jp murpay; Mjhak; njLtjw;fhfnt jkpHuRj; j]yik trjpahf me;jf; fhe;jp nyg]y cgnahfpj;jJ/ bry;tehafj;jpd; fhe;jp nyg]y tpl mkph;jyp';fj;jpd; K$pg[h; nygy; Tlg; bghUj;jkhd xd;ABYk; mJ rPf;fpunk fpHpe;J tpl;lJ vd;AYk; jkpHuRf;fl;rpapd; j]ythpd; bgUikf;Fhpa milbkhHp æjPh;f;fj;jhprpÆ vd;gJ jhd;/

æjPh;f;fjhprp bry;tehafk;æ vd;w brhw;bAlh; jdpr; rp';fs bkhHpr;rl;lk; gw;wpa fUj;J 1956 ,y; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l nghJ gutyhf;fg;gl;lJ/ ,e;jj; jPh;f;fjhprpapd; jPh;f;fjhprdk; vdg;gLtJ xnu xU tp=ak; jhd;/ 1948 ,y; gphp$ht[hpikr;rl;lk; gw;wpr; fUj;J Kuz;gl;Lj; jkpH;f; fh';fpu!py; ,Ue;J gphpa neh;e;jnghJ @,d;W mth;fl;F (mjhtJ k]yafj; jkpHUf;F) eh]s ekf;F mjhtJ tlf;F fpHf;F khfhzj; jkpHUf;F) @ vd;w mtuJ Tw;W mtiu xU jPh;f;fjhprpapd; me;j!;Jf;F cah;j;jpaJ/ mjd; gpd;g[ mtuJ ve;j eltof;ifa[k; murpaw; fzpg;gPLk; mtiu xU jPh;f;fj;jhprp vd;W brhy;tijf; nfyp thh;j;ijahf;fp tpl;lJ/

MBYk; bry;tehafk; gw;wpf; fl;obaGg;gg;gl;l xU gokk; mtiuj; jtWfl;Fk; fglj;jpw;Fk; mg;ghw;gl;l xUtuhfnt kf;f]s ek;g itj;jJ/ jkpHuRf;fl;rpapd; jpUFjhs';fSk; jLkhw;w';fSk; mtUld; mjpfk; rk;ge;jg;gLj;jg;gltpy;]y/ ,e;jf; æjPh;f;fj;jhprpapd;Æ "hdj;jpd; nkk;ghl;il ep]yepWj;jpj; jd; murpaw; gpiHg;ig elj;j ntz;oa fjpf;Fs;shd jkpHuRj; j]yik ,lJrhhpfs; kPJ mtJ}Wf]sg; bghHpe;Jk;. $P/$P/ bghd;dk;gyk; Kjy; my;gpul Jiuag;gh tiuapyhd rfy murpay; vjphpf]sa[k; Jnuhfpfs; vd;W epe;jpj;Jk; jd;]d ep]y epWj;jpf; bfhz;lJ/

jkpHuRf; fl;rpaplk; xU tpjkhd murpay; nt]yj;jpl;lKk; ,y;]y vd;w cz;ikia 1956 f;Fg; gpd;dpUe;Jk;. Kf;fpakhf mjd; rj;jpahf;fpufk; cl;gl;l gy;ntW ænghuhl;l';fspdÆ; nghJk;  ,lJrhhpfs; Rl;of; fhl;ote;jdh;/ mJ kl;Lky;yhky;. jkpHuRf; fl;rp ,y';ifapd; ehL gutyhd murpaypy; mf;fiwaw;w knBghtj;ijj; jkpHh; kj;jpapy; Cf;Ftpg;gJ gw;wpa[k; rh;tnjrpa murpaypy; xU bjspthd ep]yg;ghl;il vLf;fj; jtWtJ gw;wpa[k; mth;fs; vr;rhpj;J te;jdh;/ jkpHuRj; j]yikapd; tyJrhhp knBghtj;ijna ,it vLj;Jf;fhl;oaikia mth;fs; mwpe;jpUe;jdh;/ MapDk; mth;fsJ Kf;fpakhd ftdk; tlf;F. fpHf;F khfhz';fspd; murpay; bjd;dpy';ifapd; murpay; khw;w';fspdpd;W jdpikg;gLj;jg;gLtJ jkpH; kf;fspd; eyDf;F ey;yjy;y vd;gnj/

re;jh;g;gthjg; ghuhSkd;w murpaypy; ,w';fpajd; tp]sthf gpypg; Fzth;j;jdtpd; j]yikapyhd g[ul;rpfu y';fh rkrkh$f;fl;rp (gpd;g[ vk;/</gp) y/r/r/f/ bfdkd;. v!;/V/ tpf;ukrp';& j]yikapyhd fk;a{dp!;l fl;rp (tyJrhhpfs;) nghd;wit gy ntW jtWf]sr; bra;jdh;/ MapDk; Kf;fpakhd fl;l';fspy; mth;fsJ g';fspg;g[f;f]s vy;yhnk ehk; epuhfhpf;f KoahJ/

1961 rj;jpahf;fpufj;jpd; nghJ rkrkh$f;fl;rpapd; vl;kz;l rkuf;bfho. ngZl; brha;!h nghd;w rkrkh$pfs; mg;nghuhl;lj;ij Mjhpj;Jg; ngrpaija[k; (mg;nghJ gpst[glhj fk;a{dp!;l; fl;rpapdh; nghuhl;lj;jpd; epahaj;ij Mjhpj;j mnj nt]s jkpHuRf;fl;rpapd; murpa]ya[k; xU tpj nt]yj; jpl;lKkpd;wpr; rj;jpahf;fpufg; nghuhl;lk; bjhl';fg;gl;lija[k; tpkh;rpj;jdh;/ ,lJrhhpfsJ ,e;j tpkh;rdj;jpd; cz;ik _;y/R/f/ murh';fk; mtrufhy ep]yiag; gpufldk; bra;tijaLj;Jg; nghuhl;lk; gpRgpRj;Jg; nghdnghnj ep:::Ugzkhapw;W/ ,jd;gpd; ,lJrhhpfs; kPJ jkpHuRf;fl;rpapd; nfhgk; mjpfhpj;jnjbahHpa ,lJrhhpfs; Kd;itj;j tpkh;rd';fspd; cz;ikia Muha;e;J xU rhpahd nghuhl;lg; ghijia tFf;FkhW mth;f]s ce;jtpy;]y/

ghuhSkd;w murpaypy; ,w';fhj ,lJrhhpfs; njrpa  ,dg; gpur;r]d gw;wp neh;ikahd ep]yg;ghl;ilna vLj;jdh;/ mth;;fsJ fUj;Jf;fs; jkpH;; kf;fSf;F cld;ghlhditahf ,Ue;jdth ,y;]yah.? mg;go cld;ghlhf ,Ue;jhYk; mth;fl;Fj; jkpH;: kf;fspilna Mjut[ tsh;e;jjh vd;gd jkpH;j; njrpathj murpaypd; tsh;r;rpapd; mog;gilapnyna tps';fpf; bfhs;sg;gl ntz;Lk;/ vg;nghJnk jkpH; kf;fshy; epuhfhpf;fg;gl;l ,lJrhhpfs; jkpH;kf;fSf;Fj; Jnuhfk; bra;jhh;fs; vd;W brhy;tJ epahaKkpy;]y/ jkpH; kf;fspd; Mjuitg; bgw;w fl;rpfs; jhd; jpUk;gj; jpUk;gj; jkpH; kf;fSf;Fj; Jnuhfk; bra;Js;sd/ ghuhSkd;w ,lJrhhpfs; ,dthj murpa]y vjph;f;fj; jtwpaik khf;!paj;Jf;F mth;fs; bra;j Jnuhfk;/ 1960 –70 fspy; k]yaf kf;fs; bjhlh;ghf mth;fs; nghuhl;l';f]s Kd;bdLf;fj; jtwpaik bjhHpyhsp th;f;fj;Jf;F mth;fs; bra;j Jnuhfk;/ ,;jw;fhd tp]yia 1977 ,y; mth;fs; ,Wjpahfr; brYj;jpBh;fs;/

vt;thAapDk; FWfpa jkpH;j; njrpathjj;jpd; nghf;fpd; tp]sthd mgha';f]s ,d'; fz;lJ nghynt rp';fsg; nghpdthjj;jpd; Mgj;ija[k; mth;fs; milahs'; fz;ldh;/

cjhuzkhf. 1956 ,y; murfUkbkhHpr;rl;lk; bjhlh;ghd tpthjj;jpd; nghJ @,U bkhHpfs;–xU njrk;… xU bkhHp–,U njr';fs;@ vd;W brhy;ypd; Mh;/o/ rpy;th Fwpg;gpl;lJ xU tifapy; ,d;W cz;ikahfptpl;lJ/ MBYk; vtUk; mtiuj; jPh;f;fjhprp vd;W bfhz;lhLtjpy;]y/

<H tpLj]y ,af;f';fSk; j/tp/ Tl;lzpa[k; ,e;jpaht[ld; ry;;yhgj;jpy; ,w';F Kd;dnu. <Hg; gphptp]d jtph;f;f Koahkny maw;j]yaPl;ilf; bfhz;LtUk; vd;gJ gw;wpa[k; mjd; mgha';fs; gw;wpa[k; ,lJ fk;a{dp!;l; fl;rpapdh; nghd;w khf;!pa–bydpdp! !;jhgd';fs; vr;rhpj;J te;jd/ tpLj]y ,af;f';fs; vdg;gLtdtw;wpilna. nehf;f';fs; gw;wpa[k; ,e;jpahtpd; jatpw; braw;gLtjd; mgha';fs; gw;wpa[k; vr;rhpj;jd/ mth;f]s vtUnk jk;ikj; jPh;f;fjhprpfs; vd;W miHj;Jf;bfhs;stpy;]y/

,e;jpag; gilfs; te;jpw';fpa nghJ FJfypj;j kf;fsplk; jk; jaf;fj;ijj; bjhptpj;jth;fs; Tl Kw;Twpa khf;!pa–bydp!p!f; !;jhgd';fs; kl;Lnk/ mth;fs; Tl ep]dj;jpuhjst[ ntfkhft[k; bfhLikahft[k; ep]yikfs; khwpd/ mth;fs; j';fs; jPh;f;fjhprdk; gw;wpg; bgUik bfhz;lhltpy;]y/ Vbddpy; btF$d murpay; jPh;f;fjhprpf]s ek;gp ,Ug;gjy;y/

murpaypw; jPh;f;fjhprd';fs; vdg;gLgit cz;ikapy; rhpahd murpay; kjpg;gPLf]s kl;Lnk Fwpf;ff;TLk; xU fhy tiuaiwf;F mg;ghy; Vw;glf;Toa khw;w';f]s vtUnk mr;brhl;lhf Tw Kw;gLtJ mgj;jk;/ murpaypy; ,a';Fk; rf;jpf]sa[k; rKjhag; nghf;Fff;f]sa[k; rhptu milahs'; fhz;gJk; mjd; :Kyk; murpay; khw;w';f]s Xust[f;F bewpg;gLj;JtJk; xU murpay; ,af;fj;jpd; Mw;wYf;F cl;gl;litahfyhk;/ ,e;j tifapy; ,y';ifapd; ,lJrhhpfs; (re;jh;g;gthj murpaypy; ,w';fhJ braw;gl;l mstpy;) kw;w me;j murpaw; fl;rpiaa[k; tplf;Toa jPh;f;fjhprdj;ija[k; fhl;od/ mnj nt]s. mtw;wpilna $f;fpakpd;ika[k; FWfpa knBghtKk; mtw;wpd; tsh;r;rpf;Fk;. mijtpl Kf;fpakhf. btF$d eyDf;F Vw;w rKjha khw;w';fl;Fk; jilahfnt ,Ue;Js;sd/ vt;thAapDk; mth;fsJ mtjhd';fspd; gad; jkpH; kf;f]sr; brd;wilahikapd; tp]st[fs; jkpH; kf;fspd; tpLj]yg; nghuhl;lj;jpd; ,d;iwa mty ep]yiaa[k; cs;slf;Ftd/

jhafk; Rtofs;