nahf;fpakhd murpay;thjpfs;

nguhrpupaq rp/rptnrfuk;

murpay;thjpfs; bghJthfnt neh;ikaw;wth;fshff; fhzg;gLfpAh;fs;/ murpaypy; neh;ikaPdk; rKjhar; NHyhnyna eph;ge;jpf;fg;gLfpwJ/ rKjhak; neh;ikaw;wjhf ,Uf;Fk;nghJ murpay;thjpfs; kl;Lk; vg;go neh;ikahsh;fshf ,Uf;f Koa[k;? murpaypy; ,w';Fnthhplk; vjpqghh;f;fg;gLk; juhjhu';fs; rKjhaj;Jf;Fr; rKjhak; ntWgLfpd;wd/ murpay;thjpfspd; jdpg;gl;l thH;f;if ,d;W nk]y ehLfspy;  Kd;bdg;nghJkpy;yhj mst[f;Fg; gfpu';f tp=akhfptpl;lJ/ gj;jphpiffSk; bjh]yf;fhl;rpa[k; murpay;thjpf]s Mf;ft[k; mHpf;ft[k; ty;yitahf  Mfptpl;ld/ ,e;jg; gj;jphpiffspd; gpd;BYk; bjhlh;g[ rhjdr; rhk;uh$;a';fspd; gpd;BYk; ,Ue;J ,af;Fk; Kfkpy;yhj kdpjh;fs; kl;Lk; kiwe;jpUe;J braw;gLk; typika[s;sth;fshf ,Uf;fpAh;fs;/ bra;jpahsh;fSk; gj;jphpifahsh;fSk; bra;a[k; rpy ey;y gzpfs;. bjhlh;g[ rhjd typikapd; J=;gpunahfj;jpw;F <L bra;ag; nghJkh vd;gJ epr;rakpy;]y/ MapDk; gj;jphpifr; Rje;jpuj;ij epuhfhpg;gjd; :Kyk; Vw;gL'; bfLjy;fs; gj;jphpiffspd; tp=kj;jdj;jpd; tp]sit tplg; ghuJ}ukhdit/

,y';ifapd; njrpa murpaypy; bra;jpg;gj;jphpiffs; tyJrhhpfspd; ifapy; xU typa Ma[jkhfnt ,Ue;Js;sd/ ,tw;wpd; gpurhuk; Kw;fhy';fspy; kpft[k; mg;gl;lkhf ,Ue;jJ/ 1956 a{ vd;/gp/ Ml;rpapd; rhpit mLj;Jj; je;jpukhd xd;Af khwpaJ/ ,d;W ,y';ifapy; rh;thjpfhu murpd; fPH:; Kf;fpa bra;jp !;jhgd';fs; aht[nk murpd; gpurhu CJFHy;fshfp Kd;]d tpl mUtUf;fjf;f Kiwapy; murpd; vjphpfs; kPJ mtJ}Wf]sg; bghHpfpd;wd/ kf;fs; ,tw;iw KGjhf ek;ghtpl;lhYk; mtJ}Wfs; Xust[f;nfDk; ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;jhky; ,y;]y/

,y';ifapd; murpay;thjpfspy; gj;jphpiffspd; mtJ}Wfl;Fk; jdpg;gl;l Kiwapyhd jhf;Fjy;fl;Fk; mjpfstpy; cs;shdth;fs; ,lJrhhpfns. vy;yh ,lJrhhpfSk; neh;ikahsh;fspy;]y/ MapDk; ,lJrhhpj; j]yth;fs; bra;a[e; jtWfs; gj;jphpifshw; gug;gg;gLk; Kiwf;Fk; tyJrhhp murpay;thjpfsJ jtWfs; tpkh;rpf;fg;gLk; Kiwf;Fk; fzprkhd ntWghL ,Ue;nj te;jJ/ ,t;thAd tp=kj;jdj;jpw;F ,yf;fhdth;fspy; vd;/vk;/ bgnuuh xUth;/ vd;/ vk; bgnuuhtpd; murpay; elj;ijianah my;yJ mtuJ murpay; ep]yg;ghLfs; gw;wpnah vdf;Fs;s Ml;nrg]dfs; vdJ murpaw; ghh;it bjhlh;ghdit/ MapDk; mth; kPJ itf;fg;gl;l tpkh;rd';fSs; Kf;fpakhd xd;W Æfphpju  kpy;Æ bjhlh;ghdJ/ 1964 ,y; _P y/ R/f/ muRld; y';fh rkrkh$f;fl;rp Tl;lhspahd nghJ mth; epjp mikr;ruhf epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;/ mth; epjp mikr;ruhf ,Ue;jnghJ mth; fphpju kpy;ypy; KjypLtjw;fhff; nfl;l fld;bjhif kf;fs; t';fpahy; tH';fg;gl;lJ/ ,jpny rl;l tpnuhjkhf vJt[nk elf;ftpy;]y MapDk; mth; mikr;ruhf ,;Ue;jnghJ mtuJ mikr;rhpd; MSikf;Ff; fPH; ,Ue;j xU t';fp mtUf;Ff; flDjtp bra;jJ xU Kiwnflhd fhhpakhff; fhl;lg;gl;lJ/ ,ijna mth; gpw murpay;tjpfs; nghy ,;d;bBUthpd; nghpy; (gpBkpahf) bra;jpUe;jhy; mth; kPJ ahUnk Fiw brhy;y ,lkpUe;jpUf;fhJ vd;/vk;/bgnuuh  tpkh;rd';fs; ,uz;L Kf;fpa fz;nZl;l';fspy; itf;fg;gl;ld/ xU rhuhh; ,lJrhhpf; fz;nZl;lj;jpy; mtiu tpkh;rpj;jdh;/ ,.d;bBU rhuhh; mtuJ nahf;fpak; gw;wpa nfs;tpahf ,ij Kd; itj;jhh;fs;/

,lJ rhhpfsJ tpkh;rdk; vd;/vk;/bgnuuht[f;F nrh=yp!j;jpd; kPJg; g[ul;rpfu khw;wj;jpd; kPJk; ek;gpf;if ,Ue;jhy; mth; jdJ vjph;fhyj;ij :::Kyjdj;jpd; :Kyk; cWjpbra;a mtrpakpy;]y vd;gnj/ ,jw;fhjhukhd Kf;fpakhd thjk; rkrkh$f;fl;rp vg;nghJnk g[ul;rp tpiutpy; Vw;gLk; vd;W Twpte;jik jhd;/ xU ,lrhhpaplk; jdpg;gl;l brhj;Jilikfs; ,Ue;jhy; mth; mij itj;jpUg;gJ jtW vd;w fUj;J mjp jPtpu ,lJrhhpfshnyna typa[Wj;jg;gl;lJ/ kw;wg;go. nrh=yp! rKjhaj;jpy; ek;gpf;if ,Uf;fpw fhuzj;jhy; Kjyhspj;Jt mikg;gpd; fPH; thGk; xU ,lJrhhp jd; clikf]s vy;yhk; J}f;fp vwpantz;Lk; vd;W ahUk; thjpf;ftpy;]y/ mnj nt]s fl;rpiaa[k; murpa]ya[k; jkJ Rayhgj;Jf;Fk; bry;tk; jpul;Ltjw;Fk;  xU ,lJ rhhp gad;gLj;JtJ vt;tifapYk; Vw;fj; jfhjJ/ ,e;j mstpy; vd;/ vk;/ bgnuuhtpd; elj;ij mth; rhh;e;j fl;rp/  nrh=yp! khw;wk; tpiutpy; Vw;gLk; vd;W cz;ikahfnt vjph;g;ghh;j;jJ vd;gij $aj;Jf;F chpa tp=akhf;fpaJ vd;gnj ,lJrhhpfsJ tpkh;rdj;jpd; rhuhk;rk;/

vd;/vk;/ bgnuuh jhd; tpz;zg;gpj;j fld; bjhifiag; bgw mjpfhuj; J=;gpunahfk; bra;jhbud;gjw;F Mjhuk; ,y;]y MapDk;  mth; mikr;ruhf ,Ue;jik mtuJ tpz;zg;gj;jpw;Fr; rhjfkhf ,Ue;jpUf;Fk; vd;gJ mtuJ bra]y xG';fPdk; vd;gij tpl xGf;ff; Fiwghlhd xU fhhpakhff; fhl;oaJ/ vt;thAapDk; a{/vd;/gp/ a[k; tyJrhhpr; bra;jp epWtd';fSk; vd;/vk;/ bgnuuh CHypy; <Lgl;lhh; vd;w tpjkhfnt kf;f]sr; rpj;jpf;fj; J}z;odh;/ beL';fhykhf vd;/ vk;/ bgnuuhtpd; fphpju kpy; tp=ak; xU !;nyhfk; nghynt gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ/

 vd;/ vk; bgnuuh md;W ,y';ifapd; kpfg;bghpa ,lJrhhpf;fl;rpahd  rkrkh$f; fl;rpj; j]ytuhf ,Ue;jikahy; mtuJ jdpg;gl;l thH:f;if gw;wp mth; Toa vr;rupf;ifa[ld; ,Ue;jpUf;f ntz;Lk; vd;gJ vd; fUj;J/ mtuJ jtW rfy ,lJrhhpfs; kPJk; vjphpfs; nrW g{r trjp  Vw;gLj;Jk; vd;gJ gw;wp mtUk; rkrkh$f; fl;rpa[k; ftdbkLf;fj; jtwptpl;ldh;/

vd;/vk;/bgnuuh  kPjhd jhf;Fjy;fspw; jkpHuRf; fl;rpa[k; tyJrhhpg;  gpur;rhuj;Jf;F Mjuthfnt epd;wJ/ ÆRje;jpud;Æ gj;jphpifapy; mf;fhyj;jpy; te;j fUj;Jf;fs; ,lJrhhpfl;Fg; gifikahditahfnt ,Ue;jjhy; ,Jt[k; mth;fl;F xU trjpahd  Ma[jkhapw;W/

mnj jkpHuRj; j]yik  bry;tehafj;Jf;F fhe;jp nt=k; nghLtjpy; Kk;Kukhf ,Ue;jJ/ bry;tehafKk; mijj; jLf;f mjpfk; Kaytpy;]y/ mjp nahf;fpauhff; fhzg;gl;l bry;tehafk; jdJ brhj;Jf;f]sj; bjd; ,y';ifapy; itj;Jf; bfhz;L jkpHh;f]s tlf;fpy; KjypLkhW Cf;Ftpj;jik gy nfs;tpf]s vGg;gpaJ/ ,jw;fhd mjpfhug{h;tkhd tpsf;fk; mtuJ njap]yj; njhl;l';fs; aht[k; mtuJ k]dtpahuJk; gps;]sfsJk; nghpy; ,Ue;jd vd;gjhFk;/ bry;tehafk; jkpHuRf; fl;rpiag; gad;gLj;jpr; bry;te;juhftpy;]y vd;gJ cz;ik/ MapDk; mtuJ elj;ij mtiu xU fhe;jpahff; fhl;Ltij epahag;gLj;jtpy;]y/ ghuhSkd;w murpaypd; eph;g;ge;j';fshw; jtW bra;j murpay;thjpfs; rfy fl;rpfspYk; ,Ue;jhh;fs;/ jkpHuRf; fl;rp mjw;F tpyf;fpy;]y/ ,e;j yl;rzj;jpy; mth;fs; jk;ik xU rj;jpa"; rhh;e;j. m&pk;!hthjf; fl;rpahff; fhl;of; bfhz;lJ jhd; Ml;nrg]df;FhpaJ/

jkpHuRf; fl;rpapy; ey;y kdpjh;fSk; neh;ikahsh;fSk; ,Ue;jpUf;fpAh;fs;/ MapDk; me;jf; fl;rp ahUila eyDf;fhfr; braw;gl;lJ vd;gijg; ftdpj;jhy; ey;y kdpjh;fSk; neh;ikahdth;fSk; ,Ug;gJ kl;Lnk xLf;fg;gl;l kf;fspd; ey]dg; ngQk; xU ,af;fj;ij cUthf;fp tplhJ/ vd;W tps';Fk;/

,lJrhhpfspd; elj;ij gw;wpf; bfl;l cjhuz';f]sr; fhl;Ltjw;Fr; ja';fhj tpkh;rfh;fs; fz;fspy; fl;rpf;fhft[k; bfhs;iff;fhft[k; rhjhuz kf;fsJ eyDf;fhft[k; jkJ KG thH;ita[k; mh;g;gzpj;j cd;djkhd ,lJrhhpf]sg; gw;wp mf;fiw ,y;]y/ fhy";brd;w K/fhh;j;jpnfr]d ehd; mtuJ thH;tpd; ,Wjpf; fhyfl;lj;jpd; nghnj mwpe;njd;/ ViHahfnt ,we;j mtuJ kuzj;jpd;  gpd; mtiu vj;j]d jkpHh; $f;fpa tpLj]y Kd;dzpapdh; ep]dt[ Th;e;jdh;? fhh;j;jpnfrd; nghd;w rPhpa ,.lJrhhpfs; gyiu ahH; khtl;lk; je;jJ/ ,th;fs; Æfhe;jpathjpf]sÆ  tpl nahf;;fpakhf thH;e;jhh;fs;/ ,Wjptiu jkJ bfhs;iff;fhf cWjpa[ld; epd;Ah;fs;/ rpy ,lJrhhpf]sj; jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy; tpkh;rpf;fpwth;fs; ,ilapilna ,th;f]sa[k; ep]dt[ Th;tJ ey;yJ/ bra;thh;fsh?

jhafk; Rtofs;